Clayton County, Iowa: Natural Disaster Risk and History
Clayton County, Iowa has a Very Low natural-hazard risk rating in FEMA's National Risk Index (v1.20, December 2025): a score of 42.2 out of 100, higher than about 42% of US counties, with landslides, hail and drought scoring highest of its 18 hazards and $15 million a year in expected losses.
OpenFEMA lists 25 federal disaster declarations that included Clayton County since 1965, not counting 2 for COVID-19; the latest is DR-4732-IA (Flooding, declared 25 August 2023). NOAA's Storm Prediction Center recorded 15 tornadoes touching Clayton County from 1950 to 2025.
Live weather alerts for Iowa All official warnings Latest FEMA declarations
Population 17,028 Buildings worth $5.6 billion Area 801 sq mi Risk rank in Iowa 37 of 99 FIPS 19043
All 18 hazards, highest risk first
FEMA National Risk Index| Hazard | Risk rating | Score | Expected loss a year | How often | Events in record |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Landslide | Relatively Moderate | 91.1 | $70,767 | about once every 1.2 years | — |
| Hail | Relatively Moderate | 82.4 | $1.1 million | about 4.2 a year | 159 |
| Drought | Relatively Moderate | 64.3 | $414,078 | about 1 a year | 385 |
| Inland flooding | Relatively Low | 58.0 | $9.2 million | about 4.4 a year | 122 |
| Cold wave | Relatively Low | 54.7 | $1.2 million | about 7.3 a year | 139 |
| Tornado | Relatively Low | 54.0 | $1.6 million | about once every 1.7 years | 20 |
| Heat wave | Relatively Low | 42.6 | $284,341 | about 4.4 a year | 66 |
| Strong wind | Relatively Low | 41.7 | $472,124 | about 4.6 a year | 175 |
| Winter weather | Relatively Low | 30.2 | $32,992 | about 17 a year | 321 |
| Ice storm | Very Low | 21.6 | $20,148 | about once every 4.2 years | 17 |
| Lightning | Very Low | 18.8 | $70,065 | about 39 a year | 64,849 strikes |
| Hurricane | Very Low | 14.9 | $3,953 | about once every 111 years | 2 |
| Earthquake | Very Low | 14.5 | $16,814 | rarer than once in 1,000 years | — |
| Wildfire | Very Low | 12.3 | $4,537 | rarer than once in 1,000 years | — |
| Avalanche | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Coastal flooding | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Tsunami | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Volcanic activity | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
Score: FEMA's percentile among US counties that face the hazard (higher = more risk). Expected loss: FEMA's modelled average yearly loss to buildings, people (as a statistical value) and crops. How often: FEMA's annualised frequency of the hazard in the county; for some hazards it counts event-days, so it is a rough guide, not a forecast. "Not Applicable" means FEMA does not model that hazard here.
Federal disaster declarations 25
Most common: Flood 14, Severe Storm 10, Hurricane 1.
| Decade | Declarations | Incident types |
|---|---|---|
| 1960s | 3 | Flood ×3 |
| 1970s | 2 | Flood ×2 |
| 1990s | 6 | Flood ×4, Severe Storm ×2 |
| 2000s | 5 | Severe Storm ×3, Hurricane, Flood |
| 2010s | 8 | Severe Storm ×5, Flood ×3 |
| 2020s | 1 | Flood |
The last 10
Widest declarations that included Clayton County
- Hurricane Katrina Evacuation (2005, EM-3239-IA): 99 Iowa counties designated.
- Severe Storms & Flooding (1993, DR-996-IA): 99 Iowa counties designated.
- Severe Storms, Tornadoes, and Flooding (2008, DR-1763-IA): 85 Iowa counties designated.
Named storms in its declarations: Hurricane Katrina (2005).
Not counted above: 2 COVID-19 ("Biological") declarations — in 2020 every US county was included. Iowa also had 7 statewide declarations with no county list.
Tornado record since 1950 15
| Tornadoes touching the county | 15 |
|---|---|
| Strongest-rated | (E)F4 ×1 |
| Peak month | May (4) |
| Deadliest | 19 Jul 2017, EF1, 5.8 mi path, 0 killed, 2 injured |
| Longest path | 30 Apr 1954, F4, 80.4 mi path |
| Most recent | 31 Mar 2023, EF1, 11.1 mi path |
| Deaths / injuries on those paths | 0 / 3 |
| Rating | (E)F0 | (E)F1 | (E)F2 | (E)F3 | (E)F4 | (E)F5 | Unrated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 6 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Decade | 1950s | 1960s | 1970s | 1980s | 1990s | 2000s | 2010s | 2020s |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
Deaths and injuries are for each tornado's whole path, which can run beyond this county. F-scale ratings before February 2007, Enhanced Fujita (EF) after.
How Clayton County compares with its 5 nearest counties
| County | Distance | Overall risk | Score | Top hazard |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clayton County (this page) | — | Very Low | 42.2 | Landslide |
| Fayette County | 41 km | Relatively Low | 50.9 | Drought |
| Delaware County | 42 km | Relatively Low | 49.7 | Hail |
| Allamakee County | 49 km | Very Low | 38.2 | Landslide |
| Grant County, WI | 52 km | Relatively Low | 61.1 | Landslide |
| Crawford County, WI | 55 km | Relatively Low | 46.2 | Landslide |
Nearest by distance between county centres. Every county in Iowa, ranked.
Vulnerability and resilience
| Social vulnerability | Relatively Low 27.6 |
|---|---|
| Community resilience | Relatively High 63.7 |
| Community risk factor | 0.95 |
| Expected annual loss, all hazards | $15 million |
FEMA scales expected losses up where social vulnerability is high (people who may find it harder to prepare, evacuate or recover) and down where community resilience is high. A factor above 1 raises the risk score. For social vulnerability a high rating is worse; for resilience a high rating is better.
Prepare for Clayton County's main hazards
- Right now: National Weather Service alerts for Iowa · all official warnings on Global Incident Tracker.
- Landslide: Landslides recorded
- Hail: Weather alerts for Iowa
- Drought: Drought monitor for Iowa
- Your property's flood zone: FEMA Flood Map Service Center ↗ — this page cannot tell you that.
- Official preparedness guidance: Ready.gov ↗ and your county emergency management office.
What this page shows, and what it misses
FEMA's National Risk Index rates a whole county against every other US county; it is a planning-level estimate for nationwide comparison, not a flood-zone map and not a substitute for a local risk assessment or the risk to one home. Declarations are presidential disaster, emergency and fire management declarations that named this county; state declarations and SBA or USDA designations are not included. Tornadoes are counted when the county is one of up to four listed on the track; 670 tornadoes that crossed a state line carry no county list in NOAA's file and are left out.
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), National Risk Index Dataset: National Risk Index Counties - v1.20.0 (December 2025). Retrieved from https://services.arcgis.com/XG15cJAlne2vxtgt/ArcGIS/rest/services/National_Risk_Index_Counties/FeatureServer/0/query on November 2, 2026, 1:20 PM EST. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s National Risk Index dataset API or downloadable datasets but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), OpenFEMA Dataset: Disaster Declarations Summaries - v2, retrieved from https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries on November 2, 2026, 1:21 PM EST. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Tornado records: NOAA/NWS Storm Prediction Center, Severe Weather Database, tornadoes 1950–2025 (https://www.spc.noaa.gov/wcm/data/1950-2025_actual_tornadoes.csv, downloaded 2 November 2026). Public domain; not endorsed by NOAA. Compiled by Global Incident Tracker.
Questions about Clayton County
What natural disasters is Clayton County, Iowa most at risk from?
Clayton County, Iowa has a Very Low natural-hazard risk rating in FEMA's National Risk Index (v1.20, December 2025): a score of 42.2 out of 100, higher than about 42% of US counties, with landslides, hail and drought scoring highest of its 18 hazards and $15 million a year in expected losses.
How many federal disaster declarations has Clayton County had?
OpenFEMA lists 25 federal disaster declarations that included Clayton County since 1965, not counting 2 for COVID-19; the latest is DR-4732-IA (Flooding, declared 25 August 2023). Another 7 Iowa declarations were made statewide without a county list.
How many tornadoes have hit Clayton County?
NOAA's Storm Prediction Center recorded 15 tornadoes touching Clayton County from 1950 to 2025. The deadliest: 19 Jul 2017, EF1, 5.8 mi path, 0 killed, 2 injured (deaths and injuries are for the whole path).
Is the National Risk Index a flood zone map?
No. The National Risk Index is a planning-level estimate for a whole county, built for nationwide comparison. It does not tell you the flood zone or the risk of a single property: for that, look up the address on FEMA's Flood Map Service Center (msc.fema.gov) and ask your local floodplain manager.