Pennington County, Minnesota: Natural Disaster Risk and History
Pennington County, Minnesota has a Relatively Low natural-hazard risk rating in FEMA's National Risk Index (v1.20, December 2025): a score of 47.0 out of 100, higher than about 47% of US counties, with wildfires, winter storms and drought scoring highest of its 18 hazards and $18 million a year in expected losses.
OpenFEMA lists 18 federal disaster declarations that included Pennington County since 1966, not counting 2 for COVID-19; the latest is DR-4659-MN (Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, and Flooding, declared 13 July 2022). NOAA's Storm Prediction Center recorded 11 tornadoes touching Pennington County from 1950 to 2025.
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Population 13,900 Buildings worth $5.4 billion Area 625 sq mi Risk rank in Minnesota 34 of 87 FIPS 27113
All 18 hazards, highest risk first
FEMA National Risk Index| Hazard | Risk rating | Score | Expected loss a year | How often | Events in record |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wildfire | Relatively Low | 82.3 | $617,678 | about once every 137 years | — |
| Winter weather | Relatively Moderate | 76.7 | $215,424 | about 2 a year | 380 |
| Drought | Relatively Moderate | 70.2 | $630,494 | about 19 a year | 588 |
| Inland flooding | Relatively Low | 67.8 | $14 million | about once every 2.0 years | 14 |
| Ice storm | Relatively Low | 50.2 | $102,706 | about once every 3.8 years | 18 |
| Hail | Relatively Low | 41.3 | $225,127 | about 3 a year | 115 |
| Cold wave | Relatively Low | 40.8 | $814,528 | about 21 a year | 392 |
| Tornado | Relatively Low | 26.4 | $480,477 | about once every 3.2 years | 9 |
| Strong wind | Relatively Low | 20.9 | $228,140 | about 1.6 a year | 62 |
| Landslide | Very Low | 18.4 | $116 | about once every 19 years | — |
| Heat wave | Very Low | 14.6 | $41,115 | about once every 1.2 years | 16 |
| Lightning | Very Low | 14.2 | $57,907 | about 27 a year | 36,608 strikes |
| Earthquake | Very Low | 2.7 | $3,051 | rarer than once in 1,000 years | — |
| Avalanche | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Coastal flooding | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Hurricane | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Tsunami | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Volcanic activity | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
Score: FEMA's percentile among US counties that face the hazard (higher = more risk). Expected loss: FEMA's modelled average yearly loss to buildings, people (as a statistical value) and crops. How often: FEMA's annualised frequency of the hazard in the county; for some hazards it counts event-days, so it is a rough guide, not a forecast. "Not Applicable" means FEMA does not model that hazard here.
Federal disaster declarations 18
Most common: Flood 11, Severe Storm 4, Hurricane 1, Severe Ice Storm 1.
| Decade | Declarations | Incident types |
|---|---|---|
| 1960s | 2 | Flood ×2 |
| 1970s | 5 | Flood ×3, Drought, Severe Storm |
| 1980s | 1 | Flood |
| 1990s | 4 | Flood ×2, Severe Ice Storm, Severe Storm |
| 2000s | 3 | Severe Storm ×2, Hurricane |
| 2010s | 2 | Flood ×2 |
| 2020s | 1 | Flood |
The last 10
Widest declarations that included Pennington County
- Hurricane Katrina Evacuation (2005, EM-3242-MN): 87 Minnesota counties designated.
- Drought (1976, EM-3013-MN): 78 Minnesota counties designated.
- Flooding (1969, DR-255-MN): 70 Minnesota counties designated.
Named storms in its declarations: Hurricane Katrina (2005).
Not counted above: 2 COVID-19 ("Biological") declarations — in 2020 every US county was included. Minnesota also had 9 statewide declarations with no county list.
Tornado record since 1950 11
| Tornadoes touching the county | 11 |
|---|---|
| Strongest-rated | (E)F2 ×2 |
| Peak month | August (5) |
| Deadliest | — |
| Longest path | 9 Aug 2020, EF1, 22 mi path |
| Most recent | 24 Jun 2022, EF0, 0.1 mi path |
| Deaths / injuries on those paths | 0 / 0 |
| Rating | (E)F0 | (E)F1 | (E)F2 | (E)F3 | (E)F4 | (E)F5 | Unrated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 4 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Decade | 1950s | 1960s | 1970s | 1980s | 1990s | 2000s | 2010s | 2020s |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
Deaths and injuries are for each tornado's whole path, which can run beyond this county. F-scale ratings before February 2007, Enhanced Fujita (EF) after.
How Pennington County compares with its 5 nearest counties
| County | Distance | Overall risk | Score | Top hazard |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pennington County (this page) | — | Relatively Low | 47.0 | Wildfire |
| Red Lake County | 22 km | Very Low | 2.2 | Drought |
| Marshall County | 41 km | Very Low | 23.6 | Drought |
| Polk County | 42 km | Relatively Low | 67.0 | Winter weather |
| Clearwater County | 73 km | Very Low | 4.2 | Wildfire |
| Roseau County | 81 km | Relatively Low | 43.9 | Wildfire |
Nearest by distance between county centres. Every county in Minnesota, ranked.
Vulnerability and resilience
| Social vulnerability | Very Low 19.3 |
|---|---|
| Community resilience | Very High 96.8 |
| Community risk factor | 0.87 |
| Expected annual loss, all hazards | $18 million |
FEMA scales expected losses up where social vulnerability is high (people who may find it harder to prepare, evacuate or recover) and down where community resilience is high. A factor above 1 raises the risk score. For social vulnerability a high rating is worse; for resilience a high rating is better.
Prepare for Pennington County's main hazards
- Right now: National Weather Service alerts for Minnesota · all official warnings on Global Incident Tracker.
- Wildfire: US wildfires now · Wildfire smoke: what protects you
- Winter weather: Power outages now · Carbon monoxide in winter
- Drought: Drought monitor for Minnesota
- Your property's flood zone: FEMA Flood Map Service Center ↗ — this page cannot tell you that.
- Official preparedness guidance: Ready.gov ↗ and your county emergency management office.
What this page shows, and what it misses
FEMA's National Risk Index rates a whole county against every other US county; it is a planning-level estimate for nationwide comparison, not a flood-zone map and not a substitute for a local risk assessment or the risk to one home. Declarations are presidential disaster, emergency and fire management declarations that named this county; state declarations and SBA or USDA designations are not included. Tornadoes are counted when the county is one of up to four listed on the track; 670 tornadoes that crossed a state line carry no county list in NOAA's file and are left out.
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), National Risk Index Dataset: National Risk Index Counties - v1.20.0 (December 2025). Retrieved from https://services.arcgis.com/XG15cJAlne2vxtgt/ArcGIS/rest/services/National_Risk_Index_Counties/FeatureServer/0/query on November 2, 2026, 1:20 PM EST. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s National Risk Index dataset API or downloadable datasets but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), OpenFEMA Dataset: Disaster Declarations Summaries - v2, retrieved from https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries on November 2, 2026, 1:21 PM EST. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Tornado records: NOAA/NWS Storm Prediction Center, Severe Weather Database, tornadoes 1950–2025 (https://www.spc.noaa.gov/wcm/data/1950-2025_actual_tornadoes.csv, downloaded 2 November 2026). Public domain; not endorsed by NOAA. Compiled by Global Incident Tracker.
Questions about Pennington County
What natural disasters is Pennington County, Minnesota most at risk from?
Pennington County, Minnesota has a Relatively Low natural-hazard risk rating in FEMA's National Risk Index (v1.20, December 2025): a score of 47.0 out of 100, higher than about 47% of US counties, with wildfires, winter storms and drought scoring highest of its 18 hazards and $18 million a year in expected losses.
How many federal disaster declarations has Pennington County had?
OpenFEMA lists 18 federal disaster declarations that included Pennington County since 1966, not counting 2 for COVID-19; the latest is DR-4659-MN (Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, and Flooding, declared 13 July 2022). Another 9 Minnesota declarations were made statewide without a county list.
How many tornadoes have hit Pennington County?
NOAA's Storm Prediction Center recorded 11 tornadoes touching Pennington County from 1950 to 2025.
Is the National Risk Index a flood zone map?
No. The National Risk Index is a planning-level estimate for a whole county, built for nationwide comparison. It does not tell you the flood zone or the risk of a single property: for that, look up the address on FEMA's Flood Map Service Center (msc.fema.gov) and ask your local floodplain manager.