Quay County, New Mexico: Natural Disaster Risk and History
Quay County, New Mexico has a Very Low natural-hazard risk rating in FEMA's National Risk Index (v1.20, December 2025): a score of 26.0 out of 100, higher than about 26% of US counties, with drought, wildfires and winter storms scoring highest of its 18 hazards and $5.7 million a year in expected losses.
OpenFEMA lists 5 federal disaster declarations that included Quay County since 1977, not counting 2 for COVID-19; the latest is DR-1690-NM (Severe Storms and Tornadoes, declared 2 April 2007). NOAA's Storm Prediction Center recorded 40 tornadoes touching Quay County from 1950 to 2025.
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Population 8,718 Buildings worth $2.2 billion Area 2,910 sq mi Risk rank in New Mexico 27 of 33 FIPS 35037
All 18 hazards, highest risk first
FEMA National Risk Index| Hazard | Risk rating | Score | Expected loss a year | How often | Events in record |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drought | Relatively Moderate | 89.6 | $1.1 million | about 108 a year | 2,751 |
| Wildfire | Relatively Low | 85.7 | $485,591 | about once every 160 years | — |
| Winter weather | Relatively Moderate | 81.8 | $149,920 | about 11 a year | 201 |
| Strong wind | Relatively Moderate | 56.2 | $427,545 | about once a year | 38 |
| Inland flooding | Relatively Low | 38.5 | $3.0 million | about once every 1.5 years | 19 |
| Lightning | Relatively Low | 37.5 | $96,306 | about 51 a year | 117,964 strikes |
| Hail | Very Low | 31.9 | $85,296 | about 2.4 a year | 90 |
| Heat wave | Very Low | 30.3 | $91,191 | about 2.3 a year | 41 |
| Cold wave | Very Low | 22.0 | $171,669 | about once every 1.9 years | 10 |
| Earthquake | Very Low | 17.9 | $15,367 | rarer than once in 1,000 years | — |
| Volcanic activity | Very Low | 16.3 | — | rarer than once in 1,000 years | 1 |
| Landslide | Very Low | 13.9 | $35 | about once every 2.4 years | — |
| Tornado | Very Low | 13.3 | $73,169 | about once every 1.5 years | 24 |
| Ice storm | Very Low | 12.8 | $4,781 | about once every 3.6 years | 19 |
| Avalanche | Very Low | 3.5 | $1 | about once every 100 years | 0 |
| Coastal flooding | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Hurricane | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Tsunami | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
Score: FEMA's percentile among US counties that face the hazard (higher = more risk). Expected loss: FEMA's modelled average yearly loss to buildings, people (as a statistical value) and crops. How often: FEMA's annualised frequency of the hazard in the county; for some hazards it counts event-days, so it is a rough guide, not a forecast. "Not Applicable" means FEMA does not model that hazard here.
Federal disaster declarations 5
Most common: Severe Storm 2, Hurricane 1, Fire 1, Drought 1.
| Decade | Declarations | Incident types |
|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 1 | Drought |
| 1990s | 1 | Severe Storm |
| 2000s | 3 | Severe Storm, Hurricane, Fire |
The last 5
Widest declarations that included Quay County
- Hurricane Katrina Evacuation (2005, EM-3229-NM): 33 New Mexico counties designated.
- Severe Fire Threats (2000, EM-3154-NM): 33 New Mexico counties designated.
- Severe Winter Storm (1998, DR-1202-NM): 10 New Mexico counties designated.
Named storms in its declarations: Hurricane Katrina (2005).
Not counted above: 2 COVID-19 ("Biological") declarations — in 2020 every US county was included. New Mexico also had 14 statewide declarations with no county list.
Tornado record since 1950 40
| Tornadoes touching the county | 40 |
|---|---|
| Strongest-rated | (E)F2 ×5 |
| Peak month | June (15) |
| Deadliest | 23 Mar 2007, EF1, 2.7 mi path, 0 killed, 12 injured |
| Longest path | 17 Apr 1970, F2, 39.8 mi path |
| Most recent | 5 Jun 2023, unrated, 0.2 mi path |
| Deaths / injuries on those paths | 0 / 18 |
| Rating | (E)F0 | (E)F1 | (E)F2 | (E)F3 | (E)F4 | (E)F5 | Unrated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 21 | 13 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Decade | 1950s | 1960s | 1970s | 1980s | 1990s | 2000s | 2010s | 2020s |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 3 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 0 | 3 |
Deaths and injuries are for each tornado's whole path, which can run beyond this county. F-scale ratings before February 2007, Enhanced Fujita (EF) after.
How Quay County compares with its 5 nearest counties
| County | Distance | Overall risk | Score | Top hazard |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quay County (this page) | — | Very Low | 26.0 | Drought |
| Curry County | 62 km | Relatively Low | 61.8 | Drought |
| Harding County | 87 km | Very Low | 0.4 | Wildfire |
| Deaf Smith County, TX | 87 km | Relatively Low | 61.8 | Drought |
| Oldham County, TX | 92 km | Very Low | 9.7 | Drought |
| Parmer County, TX | 95 km | Relatively Moderate | 81.8 | Drought |
Nearest by distance between county centres. Every county in New Mexico, ranked.
Vulnerability and resilience
| Social vulnerability | Very High 89.6 |
|---|---|
| Community resilience | Relatively Low 31.7 |
| Community risk factor | 1.59 |
| Expected annual loss, all hazards | $5.7 million |
FEMA scales expected losses up where social vulnerability is high (people who may find it harder to prepare, evacuate or recover) and down where community resilience is high. A factor above 1 raises the risk score. For social vulnerability a high rating is worse; for resilience a high rating is better.
Prepare for Quay County's main hazards
- Right now: National Weather Service alerts for New Mexico · all official warnings on Global Incident Tracker.
- Drought: Drought monitor for New Mexico
- Wildfire: US wildfires now · Wildfire smoke: what protects you
- Winter weather: Power outages now · Carbon monoxide in winter
- Your property's flood zone: FEMA Flood Map Service Center ↗ — this page cannot tell you that.
- Official preparedness guidance: Ready.gov ↗ and your county emergency management office.
What this page shows, and what it misses
FEMA's National Risk Index rates a whole county against every other US county; it is a planning-level estimate for nationwide comparison, not a flood-zone map and not a substitute for a local risk assessment or the risk to one home. Declarations are presidential disaster, emergency and fire management declarations that named this county; state declarations and SBA or USDA designations are not included. Tornadoes are counted when the county is one of up to four listed on the track; 670 tornadoes that crossed a state line carry no county list in NOAA's file and are left out.
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), National Risk Index Dataset: National Risk Index Counties - v1.20.0 (December 2025). Retrieved from https://services.arcgis.com/XG15cJAlne2vxtgt/ArcGIS/rest/services/National_Risk_Index_Counties/FeatureServer/0/query on November 2, 2026, 1:20 PM EST. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s National Risk Index dataset API or downloadable datasets but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), OpenFEMA Dataset: Disaster Declarations Summaries - v2, retrieved from https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries on November 2, 2026, 1:21 PM EST. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Tornado records: NOAA/NWS Storm Prediction Center, Severe Weather Database, tornadoes 1950–2025 (https://www.spc.noaa.gov/wcm/data/1950-2025_actual_tornadoes.csv, downloaded 2 November 2026). Public domain; not endorsed by NOAA. Compiled by Global Incident Tracker.
Questions about Quay County
What natural disasters is Quay County, New Mexico most at risk from?
Quay County, New Mexico has a Very Low natural-hazard risk rating in FEMA's National Risk Index (v1.20, December 2025): a score of 26.0 out of 100, higher than about 26% of US counties, with drought, wildfires and winter storms scoring highest of its 18 hazards and $5.7 million a year in expected losses.
How many federal disaster declarations has Quay County had?
OpenFEMA lists 5 federal disaster declarations that included Quay County since 1977, not counting 2 for COVID-19; the latest is DR-1690-NM (Severe Storms and Tornadoes, declared 2 April 2007). Another 14 New Mexico declarations were made statewide without a county list.
How many tornadoes have hit Quay County?
NOAA's Storm Prediction Center recorded 40 tornadoes touching Quay County from 1950 to 2025. The deadliest: 23 Mar 2007, EF1, 2.7 mi path, 0 killed, 12 injured (deaths and injuries are for the whole path).
Is the National Risk Index a flood zone map?
No. The National Risk Index is a planning-level estimate for a whole county, built for nationwide comparison. It does not tell you the flood zone or the risk of a single property: for that, look up the address on FEMA's Flood Map Service Center (msc.fema.gov) and ask your local floodplain manager.