Mason County, West Virginia: Natural Disaster Risk and History
Mason County, West Virginia has a Relatively Low natural-hazard risk rating in FEMA's National Risk Index (v1.20, December 2025): a score of 57.4 out of 100, higher than about 57% of US counties, with landslides, inland (river and flash) flooding and heat waves scoring highest of its 18 hazards and $15 million a year in expected losses.
OpenFEMA lists 19 federal disaster declarations that included Mason County since 1967, not counting 2 for COVID-19; the latest is EM-3639-WV (Severe Winter Storm, declared 24 January 2026). NOAA's Storm Prediction Center recorded 3 tornadoes touching Mason County from 1950 to 2025.
Live weather alerts for West Virginia All official warnings Latest FEMA declarations
Population 25,424 Buildings worth $6.9 billion Area 449 sq mi Risk rank in West Virginia 21 of 55 FIPS 54053
All 18 hazards, highest risk first
FEMA National Risk Index| Hazard | Risk rating | Score | Expected loss a year | How often | Events in record |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Landslide | Relatively Moderate | 88.0 | $35,401 | about once a year | — |
| Inland flooding | Relatively Moderate | 76.3 | $13 million | about 2.1 a year | 58 |
| Heat wave | Relatively Low | 69.4 | $699,757 | about 4.4 a year | 76 |
| Ice storm | Relatively Moderate | 65.1 | $133,305 | about once every 2.4 years | 29 |
| Drought | Relatively Low | 58.9 | $209,846 | about 4.7 a year | 140 |
| Hurricane | Very Low | 57.5 | $122,700 | about once every 35 years | 10 |
| Earthquake | Very Low | 44.0 | $154,367 | about once every 840 years | — |
| Lightning | Relatively Low | 42.6 | $140,825 | about 47 a year | 85,001 strikes |
| Wildfire | Very Low | 30.9 | $11,814 | rarer than once in 1,000 years | — |
| Hail | Very Low | 30.8 | $98,154 | about 2.8 a year | 104 |
| Winter weather | Relatively Low | 28.5 | $22,113 | about 7.8 a year | 148 |
| Cold wave | Very Low | 22.9 | $220,104 | about once every 1.1 years | 17 |
| Strong wind | Relatively Low | 20.1 | $144,799 | about once every 1.3 years | 30 |
| Tornado | Very Low | 16.0 | $125,376 | about once every 12 years | 4 |
| Avalanche | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Coastal flooding | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Tsunami | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Volcanic activity | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
Score: FEMA's percentile among US counties that face the hazard (higher = more risk). Expected loss: FEMA's modelled average yearly loss to buildings, people (as a statistical value) and crops. How often: FEMA's annualised frequency of the hazard in the county; for some hazards it counts event-days, so it is a rough guide, not a forecast. "Not Applicable" means FEMA does not model that hazard here.
Federal disaster declarations 19
Most common: Severe Storm 7, Flood 5, Hurricane 2, Snowstorm 2.
| Decade | Declarations | Incident types |
|---|---|---|
| 1960s | 1 | Flood |
| 1990s | 4 | Flood ×2, Snowstorm ×2 |
| 2000s | 7 | Severe Storm ×5, Hurricane, Flood |
| 2010s | 5 | Severe Storm ×2, Mud/Landslide, Flood, Hurricane |
| 2020s | 2 | Winter Storm, Severe Ice Storm |
The last 10
Widest declarations that included Mason County
- Severe Winter Storm (2026, EM-3639-WV): 55 West Virginia counties designated.
- Hurricane Sandy (2012, EM-3358-WV): 55 West Virginia counties designated.
- Severe Storms (2012, EM-3345-WV): 55 West Virginia counties designated.
Named storms in its declarations: Hurricane Sandy (2012), Hurricane Katrina (2005).
Not counted above: 2 COVID-19 ("Biological") declarations — in 2020 every US county was included. West Virginia also had 6 statewide declarations with no county list.
Tornado record since 1950 3
| Tornadoes touching the county | 3 |
|---|---|
| Strongest-rated | (E)F1 ×2 |
| Peak month | June (2) |
| Deadliest | 2 Jun 1998, F1, 0.7 mi path, 0 killed, 1 injured |
| Longest path | 27 Jun 2007, EF1, 1.2 mi path |
| Most recent | 27 Jun 2007, EF1, 1.2 mi path |
| Deaths / injuries on those paths | 0 / 1 |
| Rating | (E)F0 | (E)F1 | (E)F2 | (E)F3 | (E)F4 | (E)F5 | Unrated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Decade | 1950s | 1960s | 1970s | 1980s | 1990s | 2000s | 2010s | 2020s |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Deaths and injuries are for each tornado's whole path, which can run beyond this county. F-scale ratings before February 2007, Enhanced Fujita (EF) after.
How Mason County compares with its 5 nearest counties
| County | Distance | Overall risk | Score | Top hazard |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mason County (this page) | — | Relatively Low | 57.4 | Landslide |
| Gallia County, OH | 26 km | Relatively Low | 48.3 | Landslide |
| Putnam County | 31 km | Relatively Low | 74.0 | Landslide |
| Jackson County | 31 km | Relatively Low | 56.5 | Landslide |
| Meigs County, OH | 35 km | Relatively Low | 53.0 | Landslide |
| Cabell County | 43 km | Relatively Moderate | 85.4 | Inland flooding |
Nearest by distance between county centres. Every county in West Virginia, ranked.
Vulnerability and resilience
| Social vulnerability | Relatively High 69.0 |
|---|---|
| Community resilience | Relatively Moderate 41.2 |
| Community risk factor | 1.32 |
| Expected annual loss, all hazards | $15 million |
FEMA scales expected losses up where social vulnerability is high (people who may find it harder to prepare, evacuate or recover) and down where community resilience is high. A factor above 1 raises the risk score. For social vulnerability a high rating is worse; for resilience a high rating is better.
Prepare for Mason County's main hazards
- Right now: National Weather Service alerts for West Virginia · all official warnings on Global Incident Tracker.
- Landslide: Landslides recorded
- Inland flooding: Flood safety: why shallow water kills · Floods recorded
- Heat wave: Heatstroke warning signs
- Your property's flood zone: FEMA Flood Map Service Center ↗ — this page cannot tell you that.
- Official preparedness guidance: Ready.gov ↗ and your county emergency management office.
What this page shows, and what it misses
FEMA's National Risk Index rates a whole county against every other US county; it is a planning-level estimate for nationwide comparison, not a flood-zone map and not a substitute for a local risk assessment or the risk to one home. Declarations are presidential disaster, emergency and fire management declarations that named this county; state declarations and SBA or USDA designations are not included. Tornadoes are counted when the county is one of up to four listed on the track; 670 tornadoes that crossed a state line carry no county list in NOAA's file and are left out.
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), National Risk Index Dataset: National Risk Index Counties - v1.20.0 (December 2025). Retrieved from https://services.arcgis.com/XG15cJAlne2vxtgt/ArcGIS/rest/services/National_Risk_Index_Counties/FeatureServer/0/query on November 2, 2026, 1:20 PM EST. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s National Risk Index dataset API or downloadable datasets but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), OpenFEMA Dataset: Disaster Declarations Summaries - v2, retrieved from https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries on November 2, 2026, 1:21 PM EST. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Tornado records: NOAA/NWS Storm Prediction Center, Severe Weather Database, tornadoes 1950–2025 (https://www.spc.noaa.gov/wcm/data/1950-2025_actual_tornadoes.csv, downloaded 2 November 2026). Public domain; not endorsed by NOAA. Compiled by Global Incident Tracker.
Questions about Mason County
What natural disasters is Mason County, West Virginia most at risk from?
Mason County, West Virginia has a Relatively Low natural-hazard risk rating in FEMA's National Risk Index (v1.20, December 2025): a score of 57.4 out of 100, higher than about 57% of US counties, with landslides, inland (river and flash) flooding and heat waves scoring highest of its 18 hazards and $15 million a year in expected losses.
How many federal disaster declarations has Mason County had?
OpenFEMA lists 19 federal disaster declarations that included Mason County since 1967, not counting 2 for COVID-19; the latest is EM-3639-WV (Severe Winter Storm, declared 24 January 2026). Another 6 West Virginia declarations were made statewide without a county list.
How many tornadoes have hit Mason County?
NOAA's Storm Prediction Center recorded 3 tornadoes touching Mason County from 1950 to 2025. The deadliest: 2 Jun 1998, F1, 0.7 mi path, 0 killed, 1 injured (deaths and injuries are for the whole path).
Is the National Risk Index a flood zone map?
No. The National Risk Index is a planning-level estimate for a whole county, built for nationwide comparison. It does not tell you the flood zone or the risk of a single property: for that, look up the address on FEMA's Flood Map Service Center (msc.fema.gov) and ask your local floodplain manager.