Clay County, Kentucky: Natural Disaster Risk and History
Clay County, Kentucky has a Relatively Low natural-hazard risk rating in FEMA's National Risk Index (v1.20, December 2025): a score of 67.1 out of 100, higher than about 67% of US counties, with landslides, wildfires and inland (river and flash) flooding scoring highest of its 18 hazards and $16 million a year in expected losses.
OpenFEMA lists 46 federal disaster declarations that included Clay County since 1970, not counting 2 for COVID-19; the latest is DR-4913-KY (Severe Winter Storm, declared 29 May 2026). NOAA's Storm Prediction Center recorded 6 tornadoes touching Clay County from 1950 to 2025.
Live weather alerts for Kentucky All official warnings Latest FEMA declarations
Population 20,339 Buildings worth $2.6 billion Area 476 sq mi Risk rank in Kentucky 26 of 120 FIPS 21051
All 18 hazards, highest risk first
FEMA National Risk Index| Hazard | Risk rating | Score | Expected loss a year | How often | Events in record |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Landslide | Relatively Moderate | 93.3 | $56,543 | about 1.6 a year | — |
| Wildfire | Relatively Low | 85.1 | $422,566 | about once every 87 years | — |
| Inland flooding | Relatively Moderate | 81.0 | $12 million | about 1.8 a year | 50 |
| Winter weather | Relatively Moderate | 70.2 | $79,027 | about 14 a year | 268 |
| Cold wave | Relatively Moderate | 69.5 | $1.3 million | about once every 1.2 years | 16 |
| Strong wind | Relatively Moderate | 56.3 | $393,556 | about 5.6 a year | 212 |
| Hail | Relatively Low | 52.3 | $172,689 | about 3.3 a year | 123 |
| Avalanche | Very Low | 49.7 | $321 | about once every 100 years | 0 |
| Heat wave | Relatively Low | 47.5 | $199,834 | about 2.6 a year | 43 |
| Earthquake | Very Low | 41.8 | $102,076 | about once every 457 years | — |
| Tornado | Relatively Low | 41.3 | $546,531 | about once every 7.4 years | 5 |
| Lightning | Relatively Low | 36.7 | $85,532 | about 53 a year | 47,499 strikes |
| Hurricane | Very Low | 36.5 | $14,298 | about once every 44 years | 6 |
| Drought | Very Low | 29.7 | $14,431 | about 7.1 a year | 252 |
| Ice storm | Very Low | 17.4 | $7,505 | about once every 4.2 years | 16 |
| Coastal flooding | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Tsunami | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Volcanic activity | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
Score: FEMA's percentile among US counties that face the hazard (higher = more risk). Expected loss: FEMA's modelled average yearly loss to buildings, people (as a statistical value) and crops. How often: FEMA's annualised frequency of the hazard in the county; for some hazards it counts event-days, so it is a rough guide, not a forecast. "Not Applicable" means FEMA does not model that hazard here.
Federal disaster declarations 46
Most common: Severe Storm 25, Flood 9, Severe Ice Storm 3, Snowstorm 3.
| Decade | Declarations | Incident types |
|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 2 | Flood ×2 |
| 1980s | 3 | Flood ×2, Severe Storm |
| 1990s | 6 | Severe Storm ×3, Snowstorm ×3 |
| 2000s | 12 | Severe Storm ×7, Severe Ice Storm ×2, Fire ×2, Hurricane |
| 2010s | 7 | Severe Storm ×5, Flood ×2 |
| 2020s | 16 | Severe Storm ×9, Flood ×3, Winter Storm ×2, Tropical Storm, Severe Ice Storm |
The last 10
Widest declarations that included Clay County
- Severe Winter Storm (2026, EM-3633-KY): 120 Kentucky counties designated.
- Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and Flooding (2025, EM-3626-KY): 120 Kentucky counties designated.
- Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Flooding, and Landslides (2025, EM-3624-KY): 120 Kentucky counties designated.
Named storms in its declarations: Hurricane Helene (2024), Hurricane Katrina (2005).
Not counted above: 2 COVID-19 ("Biological") declarations — in 2020 every US county was included. Kentucky also had 4 statewide declarations with no county list.
Tornado record since 1950 6
| Tornadoes touching the county | 6 |
|---|---|
| Strongest-rated | (E)F2 ×1 |
| Peak month | June (2) |
| Deadliest | 3 Apr 1974, F2, 19.8 mi path, 0 killed, 22 injured |
| Longest path | 3 Apr 1974, F2, 19.8 mi path, 0 killed, 22 injured |
| Most recent | 2 Jun 2001, F0, 1 mi path |
| Deaths / injuries on those paths | 0 / 22 |
| Rating | (E)F0 | (E)F1 | (E)F2 | (E)F3 | (E)F4 | (E)F5 | Unrated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Decade | 1950s | 1960s | 1970s | 1980s | 1990s | 2000s | 2010s | 2020s |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Deaths and injuries are for each tornado's whole path, which can run beyond this county. F-scale ratings before February 2007, Enhanced Fujita (EF) after.
How Clay County compares with its 5 nearest counties
| County | Distance | Overall risk | Score | Top hazard |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clay County (this page) | — | Relatively Low | 67.1 | Landslide |
| Owsley County | 29 km | Very Low | 6.4 | Landslide |
| Leslie County | 30 km | Very Low | 31.7 | Landslide |
| Knox County | 32 km | Relatively Low | 74.7 | Cold wave |
| Laurel County | 36 km | Relatively Low | 71.7 | Winter weather |
| Jackson County | 39 km | Very Low | 24.2 | Landslide |
Nearest by distance between county centres. Every county in Kentucky, ranked.
Vulnerability and resilience
| Social vulnerability | Very High 92.4 |
|---|---|
| Community resilience | Very Low 6.8 |
| Community risk factor | 1.73 |
| Expected annual loss, all hazards | $16 million |
FEMA scales expected losses up where social vulnerability is high (people who may find it harder to prepare, evacuate or recover) and down where community resilience is high. A factor above 1 raises the risk score. For social vulnerability a high rating is worse; for resilience a high rating is better.
Prepare for Clay County's main hazards
- Right now: National Weather Service alerts for Kentucky · all official warnings on Global Incident Tracker.
- Landslide: Landslides recorded
- Wildfire: US wildfires now · Wildfire smoke: what protects you
- Inland flooding: Flood safety: why shallow water kills · Floods recorded
- Your property's flood zone: FEMA Flood Map Service Center ↗ — this page cannot tell you that.
- Official preparedness guidance: Ready.gov ↗ and your county emergency management office.
What this page shows, and what it misses
FEMA's National Risk Index rates a whole county against every other US county; it is a planning-level estimate for nationwide comparison, not a flood-zone map and not a substitute for a local risk assessment or the risk to one home. Declarations are presidential disaster, emergency and fire management declarations that named this county; state declarations and SBA or USDA designations are not included. Tornadoes are counted when the county is one of up to four listed on the track; 670 tornadoes that crossed a state line carry no county list in NOAA's file and are left out.
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), National Risk Index Dataset: National Risk Index Counties - v1.20.0 (December 2025). Retrieved from https://services.arcgis.com/XG15cJAlne2vxtgt/ArcGIS/rest/services/National_Risk_Index_Counties/FeatureServer/0/query on November 2, 2026, 1:20 PM EST. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s National Risk Index dataset API or downloadable datasets but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), OpenFEMA Dataset: Disaster Declarations Summaries - v2, retrieved from https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries on November 2, 2026, 1:21 PM EST. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Tornado records: NOAA/NWS Storm Prediction Center, Severe Weather Database, tornadoes 1950–2025 (https://www.spc.noaa.gov/wcm/data/1950-2025_actual_tornadoes.csv, downloaded 2 November 2026). Public domain; not endorsed by NOAA. Compiled by Global Incident Tracker.
Questions about Clay County
What natural disasters is Clay County, Kentucky most at risk from?
Clay County, Kentucky has a Relatively Low natural-hazard risk rating in FEMA's National Risk Index (v1.20, December 2025): a score of 67.1 out of 100, higher than about 67% of US counties, with landslides, wildfires and inland (river and flash) flooding scoring highest of its 18 hazards and $16 million a year in expected losses.
How many federal disaster declarations has Clay County had?
OpenFEMA lists 46 federal disaster declarations that included Clay County since 1970, not counting 2 for COVID-19; the latest is DR-4913-KY (Severe Winter Storm, declared 29 May 2026). Another 4 Kentucky declarations were made statewide without a county list.
How many tornadoes have hit Clay County?
NOAA's Storm Prediction Center recorded 6 tornadoes touching Clay County from 1950 to 2025. The deadliest: 3 Apr 1974, F2, 19.8 mi path, 0 killed, 22 injured (deaths and injuries are for the whole path).
Is the National Risk Index a flood zone map?
No. The National Risk Index is a planning-level estimate for a whole county, built for nationwide comparison. It does not tell you the flood zone or the risk of a single property: for that, look up the address on FEMA's Flood Map Service Center (msc.fema.gov) and ask your local floodplain manager.