Escambia County, Alabama: Natural Disaster Risk and History
Escambia County, Alabama has a Relatively Moderate natural-hazard risk rating in FEMA's National Risk Index (v1.20, December 2025): a score of 85.0 out of 100, higher than about 85% of US counties, with hurricanes, lightning and heat waves scoring highest of its 18 hazards and $36 million a year in expected losses.
OpenFEMA lists 26 federal disaster declarations that included Escambia County since 1973, not counting 2 for COVID-19; the latest is EM-3656-AL (Hurricane Isaias, declared 9 October 2026). NOAA's Storm Prediction Center recorded 30 tornadoes touching Escambia County from 1950 to 2025.
Live weather alerts for Alabama All official warnings Latest FEMA declarations
Population 36,706 Buildings worth $7.7 billion Area 963 sq mi Risk rank in Alabama 14 of 67 FIPS 01053
All 18 hazards, highest risk first
FEMA National Risk Index| Hazard | Risk rating | Score | Expected loss a year | How often | Events in record |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hurricane | Relatively High | 96.6 | $21 million | about once every 5.1 years | 76 |
| Lightning | Relatively High | 96.5 | $1.5 million | about 8 a year | 192,650 strikes |
| Heat wave | Relatively Moderate | 83.8 | $1.2 million | about 8 a year | 132 |
| Tornado | Relatively Moderate | 83.0 | $3.0 million | about once every 1.5 years | 23 |
| Strong wind | Relatively Moderate | 74.3 | $715,441 | about 2.2 a year | 83 |
| Wildfire | Relatively Low | 74.0 | $153,692 | about once every 441 years | — |
| Inland flooding | Relatively Low | 67.3 | $7.7 million | about 1.1 a year | 31 |
| Drought | Relatively Low | 63.9 | $238,737 | about 19 a year | 609 |
| Earthquake | Very Low | 56.8 | $255,384 | about once every 855 years | — |
| Cold wave | Relatively Low | 44.7 | $506,842 | about once every 1.1 years | 17 |
| Landslide | Very Low | 43.4 | $552 | about once every 3.2 years | — |
| Winter weather | Relatively Low | 29.3 | $18,807 | about once every 1.3 years | 15 |
| Hail | Very Low | 27.0 | $66,924 | about 1.6 a year | 59 |
| Ice storm | Very Low | 7.8 | $2,508 | about once every 10 years | 7 |
| Avalanche | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Coastal flooding | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Tsunami | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Volcanic activity | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
Score: FEMA's percentile among US counties that face the hazard (higher = more risk). Expected loss: FEMA's modelled average yearly loss to buildings, people (as a statistical value) and crops. How often: FEMA's annualised frequency of the hazard in the county; for some hazards it counts event-days, so it is a rough guide, not a forecast. "Not Applicable" means FEMA does not model that hazard here.
Federal disaster declarations 26
Most common: Hurricane 15, Severe Storm 7, Snowstorm 1, Drought 1.
| Decade | Declarations | Incident types |
|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 4 | Hurricane, Drought, Flood, Tornado |
| 1990s | 6 | Hurricane ×3, Severe Storm ×2, Snowstorm |
| 2000s | 6 | Hurricane ×4, Severe Storm ×2 |
| 2010s | 6 | Hurricane ×3, Severe Storm ×3 |
| 2020s | 4 | Hurricane ×4 |
The last 10
Widest declarations that included Escambia County
- Hurricane Helene (2024, EM-3618-AL): 67 Alabama counties designated.
- Hurricane Sally (2020, EM-3545-AL): 67 Alabama counties designated.
- Hurricane Irma (2017, EM-3389-AL): 67 Alabama counties designated.
Named storms in its declarations: Hurricane Isaias (2026), Hurricane Helene (2024), Hurricane Sally (2020), Hurricane Michael (2018), Hurricane Nate (2017), Hurricane Irma (2017), Hurricane Gustav (2008), Hurricane Katrina (2005), Hurricane Dennis (2005), Hurricane Ivan (2004), Hurricane Georges (1998), Hurricane Opal (1995), Hurricane Frederic (1979).
Not counted above: 2 COVID-19 ("Biological") declarations — in 2020 every US county was included. Alabama also had 1 statewide declaration with no county list.
Tornado record since 1950 30
| Tornadoes touching the county | 30 |
|---|---|
| Strongest-rated | (E)F3 ×2 |
| Peak month | April (5) |
| Deadliest | 19 Jun 2021, EF2, 22 mi path, 0 killed, 20 injured |
| Longest path | 3 Nov 1968, F3, 70.4 mi path, 0 killed, 18 injured |
| Most recent | 28 Dec 2024, EF1, 2.3 mi path |
| Deaths / injuries on those paths | 0 / 43 |
| Rating | (E)F0 | (E)F1 | (E)F2 | (E)F3 | (E)F4 | (E)F5 | Unrated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 10 | 11 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Decade | 1950s | 1960s | 1970s | 1980s | 1990s | 2000s | 2010s | 2020s |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 1 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 4 | 2 |
Deaths and injuries are for each tornado's whole path, which can run beyond this county. F-scale ratings before February 2007, Enhanced Fujita (EF) after.
How Escambia County compares with its 5 nearest counties
| County | Distance | Overall risk | Score | Top hazard |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Escambia County (this page) | — | Relatively Moderate | 85.0 | Hurricane |
| Conecuh County | 37 km | Very Low | 31.1 | Hurricane |
| Santa Rosa County, FL | 46 km | Relatively Moderate | 89.0 | Hurricane |
| Escambia County, FL | 51 km | Relatively High | 95.1 | Lightning |
| Monroe County | 53 km | Relatively Low | 48.7 | Hurricane |
| Baldwin County | 69 km | Relatively High | 96.7 | Hurricane |
Nearest by distance between county centres. Every county in Alabama, ranked.
Vulnerability and resilience
| Social vulnerability | Very High 89.7 |
|---|---|
| Community resilience | Relatively Low 26.5 |
| Community risk factor | 1.60 |
| Expected annual loss, all hazards | $36 million |
FEMA scales expected losses up where social vulnerability is high (people who may find it harder to prepare, evacuate or recover) and down where community resilience is high. A factor above 1 raises the risk score. For social vulnerability a high rating is worse; for resilience a high rating is better.
Prepare for Escambia County's main hazards
- Right now: National Weather Service alerts for Alabama · all official warnings on Global Incident Tracker.
- Hurricane: Is there a hurricane now? · Cyclone preparation
- Lightning: Weather alerts for Alabama
- Heat wave: Heatstroke warning signs
- Your property's flood zone: FEMA Flood Map Service Center ↗ — this page cannot tell you that.
- Official preparedness guidance: Ready.gov ↗ and your county emergency management office.
What this page shows, and what it misses
FEMA's National Risk Index rates a whole county against every other US county; it is a planning-level estimate for nationwide comparison, not a flood-zone map and not a substitute for a local risk assessment or the risk to one home. Declarations are presidential disaster, emergency and fire management declarations that named this county; state declarations and SBA or USDA designations are not included. Tornadoes are counted when the county is one of up to four listed on the track; 670 tornadoes that crossed a state line carry no county list in NOAA's file and are left out.
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), National Risk Index Dataset: National Risk Index Counties - v1.20.0 (December 2025). Retrieved from https://services.arcgis.com/XG15cJAlne2vxtgt/ArcGIS/rest/services/National_Risk_Index_Counties/FeatureServer/0/query on November 2, 2026, 1:20 PM EST. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s National Risk Index dataset API or downloadable datasets but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), OpenFEMA Dataset: Disaster Declarations Summaries - v2, retrieved from https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries on November 2, 2026, 1:21 PM EST. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Tornado records: NOAA/NWS Storm Prediction Center, Severe Weather Database, tornadoes 1950–2025 (https://www.spc.noaa.gov/wcm/data/1950-2025_actual_tornadoes.csv, downloaded 2 November 2026). Public domain; not endorsed by NOAA. Compiled by Global Incident Tracker.
Questions about Escambia County
What natural disasters is Escambia County, Alabama most at risk from?
Escambia County, Alabama has a Relatively Moderate natural-hazard risk rating in FEMA's National Risk Index (v1.20, December 2025): a score of 85.0 out of 100, higher than about 85% of US counties, with hurricanes, lightning and heat waves scoring highest of its 18 hazards and $36 million a year in expected losses.
How many federal disaster declarations has Escambia County had?
OpenFEMA lists 26 federal disaster declarations that included Escambia County since 1973, not counting 2 for COVID-19; the latest is EM-3656-AL (Hurricane Isaias, declared 9 October 2026). Another 1 Alabama declarations were made statewide without a county list.
How many tornadoes have hit Escambia County?
NOAA's Storm Prediction Center recorded 30 tornadoes touching Escambia County from 1950 to 2025. The deadliest: 19 Jun 2021, EF2, 22 mi path, 0 killed, 20 injured (deaths and injuries are for the whole path).
Is the National Risk Index a flood zone map?
No. The National Risk Index is a planning-level estimate for a whole county, built for nationwide comparison. It does not tell you the flood zone or the risk of a single property: for that, look up the address on FEMA's Flood Map Service Center (msc.fema.gov) and ask your local floodplain manager.