Alabama Natural Disaster Risk by County

Most exposed counties, hazard by hazard

Top 10 by FEMA hazard risk score

Hurricane 67 rated

#	County	Rating	Loss a year
1	Mobile County	Very High	$178 million
2	Baldwin County	Very High	$159 million
3	Escambia County	Relatively High	$21 million
4	Covington County	Relatively High	$18 million
5	Houston County	Relatively High	$13 million
6	Coffee County	Relatively Moderate	$11 million
7	Clarke County	Relatively Moderate	$5.4 million
8	Choctaw County	Relatively Moderate	$4.8 million
9	Dale County	Relatively Moderate	$4.7 million
10	Monroe County	Relatively Moderate	$3.6 million

Tornado 67 rated

#	County	Rating	Loss a year
1	Jefferson County	Very High	$56 million
2	Madison County	Relatively High	$32 million
3	Shelby County	Relatively High	$32 million
4	Morgan County	Relatively High	$24 million
5	Calhoun County	Relatively High	$19 million
6	Marshall County	Relatively High	$17 million
7	Etowah County	Relatively High	$17 million
8	Tuscaloosa County	Relatively High	$18 million
9	Montgomery County	Relatively High	$13 million
10	Houston County	Relatively High	$11 million

Inland flooding 67 rated

#	County	Rating	Loss a year
1	Jefferson County	Relatively High	$143 million
2	Madison County	Relatively High	$99 million
3	Mobile County	Relatively High	$81 million
4	Montgomery County	Relatively High	$51 million
5	Baldwin County	Relatively Moderate	$48 million
6	Shelby County	Relatively Moderate	$56 million
7	Tuscaloosa County	Relatively Moderate	$41 million
8	Calhoun County	Relatively Moderate	$27 million
9	Etowah County	Relatively Moderate	$23 million
10	Houston County	Relatively Moderate	$23 million

Coastal flooding 5 rated

#	County	Rating	Loss a year
1	Mobile County	Relatively High	$5.8 million
2	Baldwin County	Relatively High	$4.1 million
3	Clarke County	Very Low	$583
4	Washington County	Very Low	$497
5	Monroe County	Very Low	$57

Wildfire 67 rated

#	County	Rating	Loss a year
1	Mobile County	Relatively Moderate	$2.3 million
2	Baldwin County	Relatively Moderate	$1.5 million
3	Calhoun County	Relatively Low	$340,443
4	Jefferson County	Relatively Low	$330,329
5	Talladega County	Relatively Low	$254,725
6	Tallapoosa County	Relatively Low	$189,600
7	Shelby County	Relatively Low	$301,662
8	Escambia County	Relatively Low	$153,692
9	DeKalb County	Relatively Low	$170,342
10	Etowah County	Relatively Low	$160,663

Earthquake 67 rated

#	County	Rating	Loss a year
1	Jefferson County	Relatively Moderate	$17 million
2	Madison County	Relatively Moderate	$15 million
3	Tuscaloosa County	Relatively Moderate	$7.2 million
4	Lauderdale County	Relatively Moderate	$7.5 million
5	Montgomery County	Relatively Moderate	$6.3 million
6	Morgan County	Relatively Moderate	$6.5 million
7	Colbert County	Relatively Moderate	$5.9 million
8	Limestone County	Relatively Low	$5.9 million
9	Etowah County	Relatively Low	$3.1 million
10	Marshall County	Relatively Low	$2.8 million

Every Alabama county, highest overall risk first

67

Find a county:

#	County	Overall risk	Score	Loss a year	Top hazard	Declarations	Tornadoes
1	Mobile County	Relatively High	98.0	$298 million	Hurricane	39	122
2	Jefferson County	Relatively High	97.6	$262 million	Tornado	37	109
3	Baldwin County	Relatively High	96.7	$237 million	Hurricane	37	114
4	Madison County	Relatively High	94.6	$180 million	Tornado	19	86
5	Montgomery County	Relatively Moderate	91.8	$87 million	Lightning	22	60
6	Tuscaloosa County	Relatively Moderate	90.8	$83 million	Tornado	26	92
7	Shelby County	Relatively Moderate	90.3	$106 million	Tornado	24	51
8	Morgan County	Relatively Moderate	88.8	$65 million	Tornado	22	53
9	Calhoun County	Relatively Moderate	88.5	$54 million	Tornado	21	30
10	Houston County	Relatively Moderate	87.8	$55 million	Tornado	26	57
11	Etowah County	Relatively Moderate	87.3	$50 million	Tornado	27	34
12	Marshall County	Relatively Moderate	87.3	$50 million	Tornado	27	74
13	Lauderdale County	Relatively Moderate	85.5	$54 million	Strong wind	18	45
14	Escambia County	Relatively Moderate	85.0	$36 million	Hurricane	26	30
15	Talladega County	Relatively Moderate	84.7	$37 million	Tornado	23	34
16	Coffee County	Relatively Moderate	83.4	$43 million	Hurricane	28	41
17	Walker County	Relatively Moderate	82.6	$35 million	Tornado	23	58
18	Covington County	Relatively Moderate	82.4	$33 million	Lightning	31	50
19	Cullman County	Relatively Moderate	81.9	$35 million	Cold wave	30	92
20	Colbert County	Relatively Low	80.7	$35 million	Strong wind	22	49
21	DeKalb County	Relatively Low	80.4	$32 million	Strong wind	32	71
22	Limestone County	Relatively Low	80.0	$48 million	Cold wave	20	77
23	Lee County	Relatively Low	79.7	$40 million	Heat wave	20	40
24	Jackson County	Relatively Low	79.0	$29 million	Tornado	26	60
25	Elmore County	Relatively Low	72.2	$29 million	Heat wave	22	54
26	St. Clair County	Relatively Low	72.1	$33 million	Tornado	28	43
27	Dallas County	Relatively Low	70.8	$19 million	Lightning	25	46
28	Choctaw County	Relatively Low	70.6	$21 million	Hurricane	26	25
29	Lawrence County	Relatively Low	69.3	$21 million	Tornado	20	46
30	Marion County	Relatively Low	69.1	$17 million	Lightning	24	45
31	Blount County	Relatively Low	68.5	$21 million	Tornado	23	56
32	Dale County	Relatively Low	67.7	$19 million	Hurricane	31	43
33	Franklin County	Relatively Low	67.7	$17 million	Tornado	20	27
34	Tallapoosa County	Relatively Low	67.5	$19 million	Heat wave	18	43
35	Cherokee County	Relatively Low	63.3	$16 million	Drought	23	17
36	Winston County	Relatively Low	59.2	$12 million	Landslide	23	43
37	Autauga County	Relatively Low	57.6	$20 million	Heat wave	22	44
38	Chilton County	Relatively Low	54.7	$16 million	Tornado	22	44
39	Russell County	Relatively Low	54.7	$15 million	Lightning	22	23
40	Clarke County	Relatively Low	53.4	$13 million	Hurricane	26	44
41	Geneva County	Relatively Low	53.4	$12 million	Hurricane	31	30
42	Sumter County	Relatively Low	53.0	$9.9 million	Tornado	18	28
43	Marengo County	Relatively Low	52.2	$10 million	Strong wind	18	45
44	Monroe County	Relatively Low	48.7	$10 million	Hurricane	24	27
45	Barbour County	Relatively Low	48.1	$8.9 million	Hurricane	26	40
46	Chambers County	Relatively Low	47.2	$11 million	Heat wave	21	23
47	Washington County	Relatively Low	45.6	$11 million	Hurricane	25	30
48	Butler County	Relatively Low	45.2	$9.4 million	Hurricane	26	32
49	Pickens County	Relatively Low	44.7	$8.9 million	Heat wave	17	46
50	Pike County	Relatively Low	44.0	$11 million	Hurricane	21	53
51	Henry County	Very Low	42.0	$8.5 million	Hurricane	26	35
52	Bibb County	Very Low	39.1	$9.0 million	Landslide	18	38
53	Hale County	Very Low	39.1	$7.8 million	Lightning	21	54
54	Fayette County	Very Low	38.2	$8.6 million	Landslide	19	55
55	Wilcox County	Very Low	36.7	$6.9 million	Hurricane	20	15
56	Crenshaw County	Very Low	34.4	$7.2 million	Hurricane	27	31
57	Lamar County	Very Low	31.4	$7.6 million	Lightning	24	37
58	Conecuh County	Very Low	31.1	$6.2 million	Hurricane	25	34
59	Randolph County	Very Low	30.6	$7.9 million	Hurricane	23	21
60	Greene County	Very Low	29.3	$5.6 million	Heat wave	20	29
61	Lowndes County	Very Low	29.1	$5.5 million	Heat wave	18	26
62	Cleburne County	Very Low	27.5	$6.0 million	Tornado	20	17
63	Clay County	Very Low	26.7	$5.9 million	Wildfire	22	24
64	Bullock County	Very Low	25.3	$5.1 million	Drought	22	27
65	Macon County	Very Low	23.9	$5.4 million	Drought	24	29
66	Perry County	Very Low	18.8	$4.1 million	Hurricane	22	39
67	Coosa County	Very Low	14.6	$4.9 million	Wildfire	21	29

Score: FEMA's national percentile (higher = more risk). Declarations: federal declarations that named the county since 1953, not counting COVID-19. Tornadoes: NOAA SPC tornadoes that touched the county, 1950–2025.

Latest federal declarations in Alabama

Hurricane Isaias EM-3656-AL · Hurricane · declared 9 Oct 2026 · 3 counties

Hurricane Helene EM-3618-AL · Hurricane · declared 26 Sep 2024 · 67 counties

Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, and Tornadoes DR-4710-AL · Severe Storm · declared 5 May 2023 · 10 counties

Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, and Tornadoes DR-4684-AL · Severe Storm · declared 15 Jan 2023 · 13 counties

Severe Storms and Flooding DR-4632-AL · Severe Storm · declared 21 Dec 2021 · 2 counties

Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, and Tornadoes DR-4596-AL · Severe Storm · declared 26 Apr 2021 · 8 counties

Hurricane Zeta DR-4573-AL · Hurricane · declared 10 Dec 2020 · 21 counties

Hurricane Sally DR-4563-AL · Hurricane · declared 20 Sep 2020 · 14 counties

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What this page shows, and what it misses

FEMA's National Risk Index compares every US county with every other for 18 natural hazards, combining expected losses with social vulnerability and community resilience. It is a planning-level estimate for nationwide comparison, not a flood-zone map and not the risk to any one property — for flood zones use FEMA's Flood Map Service Center ↗. Federal declarations exclude state declarations and SBA or USDA designations.

Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), National Risk Index Dataset: National Risk Index Counties - v1.20.0 (December 2025). Retrieved from https://services.arcgis.com/XG15cJAlne2vxtgt/ArcGIS/rest/services/National_Risk_Index_Counties/FeatureServer/0/query on November 2, 2026, 1:20 PM EST. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s National Risk Index dataset API or downloadable datasets but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), OpenFEMA Dataset: Disaster Declarations Summaries - v2, retrieved from https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries on November 2, 2026, 1:21 PM EST. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).

Tornado records: NOAA/NWS Storm Prediction Center, Severe Weather Database, tornadoes 1950–2025 (https://www.spc.noaa.gov/wcm/data/1950-2025_actual_tornadoes.csv, downloaded 2 November 2026). Public domain; not endorsed by NOAA. Compiled by Global Incident Tracker.

Questions about Alabama

Which county in Alabama has the highest natural disaster risk?

Of Alabama's 67 counties, 0 have a Very High natural-hazard risk rating in FEMA's National Risk Index (v1.20, December 2025); the highest is Mobile County (score 98.0 of 100), and expected losses across the state total $2.5 billion a year.

Which Alabama counties are most at risk from tornadoes?

By FEMA's National Risk Index tornado risk score: Jefferson County, Madison County, Shelby County. These are planning-level estimates for whole counties, not maps of individual properties.

Which Alabama counties are most at risk from hurricanes?

By FEMA's National Risk Index hurricane risk score: Mobile County, Baldwin County, Escambia County. These are planning-level estimates for whole counties, not maps of individual properties.

How many FEMA disaster declarations has Alabama had?

OpenFEMA lists 99 federal disaster, emergency and fire management declarations for Alabama since 1961 (not counting COVID-19); the latest is EM-3656-AL, Hurricane Isaias, declared 9 October 2026.