St. Louis City, Missouri: Natural Disaster Risk and History
St. Louis City, Missouri has a Relatively High natural-hazard risk rating in FEMA's National Risk Index (v1.20, December 2025): a score of 98.7 out of 100, higher than about 98% of US counties, with heat waves, tornadoes and earthquakes scoring highest of its 18 hazards and $359 million a year in expected losses.
OpenFEMA lists 23 federal disaster declarations that included St. Louis City since 1973, not counting 2 for COVID-19; the latest is DR-4877-MO (Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and Flooding, declared 9 June 2025). NOAA's Storm Prediction Center recorded 4 tornadoes touching St. Louis City from 1950 to 2025.
Live weather alerts for Missouri All official warnings Latest FEMA declarations
Population 301,414 Buildings worth $74 billion Area 67 sq mi Risk rank in Missouri 2 of 115 FIPS 29510
All 18 hazards, highest risk first
FEMA National Risk Index| Hazard | Risk rating | Score | Expected loss a year | How often | Events in record |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heat wave | Very High | 99.8 | $172 million | about 15 a year | 157 |
| Tornado | Very High | 98.9 | $28 million | about once every 18 years | 7 |
| Earthquake | Relatively High | 98.5 | $58 million | about once every 190 years | — |
| Inland flooding | Relatively High | 97.0 | $91 million | about 1.3 a year | 36 |
| Strong wind | Relatively High | 94.5 | $2.3 million | about 6.3 a year | 238 |
| Lightning | Relatively High | 88.9 | $874,443 | about 53 a year | 485,630 strikes |
| Cold wave | Relatively Moderate | 87.2 | $4.5 million | about 1.7 a year | 32 |
| Hail | Relatively Moderate | 87.1 | $1.1 million | about 5.3 a year | 201 |
| Ice storm | Relatively High | 83.7 | $433,899 | about 1.6 a year | 104 |
| Winter weather | Relatively Moderate | 79.7 | $162,431 | about 8.7 a year | 166 |
| Landslide | Very Low | 46.0 | $827 | about once every 26 years | — |
| Hurricane | Very Low | 32.1 | $13,192 | about once every 87 years | 2 |
| Wildfire | Very Low | 3.0 | $831 | rarer than once in 1,000 years | — |
| Drought | No Rating | 0.0 | — | about 1.7 a year | 42 |
| Avalanche | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Coastal flooding | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Tsunami | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
| Volcanic activity | Not Applicable | — | — | — | — |
Score: FEMA's percentile among US counties that face the hazard (higher = more risk). Expected loss: FEMA's modelled average yearly loss to buildings, people (as a statistical value) and crops. How often: FEMA's annualised frequency of the hazard in the county; for some hazards it counts event-days, so it is a rough guide, not a forecast. "Not Applicable" means FEMA does not model that hazard here.
Federal disaster declarations 23
Most common: Severe Storm 13, Flood 5, Severe Ice Storm 3, Hurricane 1.
| Decade | Declarations | Incident types |
|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 2 | Tornado, Severe Storm |
| 1990s | 4 | Severe Storm ×3, Flood |
| 2000s | 10 | Severe Storm ×6, Severe Ice Storm ×3, Hurricane |
| 2010s | 5 | Flood ×3, Severe Storm ×2 |
| 2020s | 2 | Severe Storm, Flood |
The last 10
Widest declarations that included St. Louis City
- Severe Winter Storm (2011, EM-3317-MO): 115 Missouri counties designated.
- Severe Winter Storm (2009, EM-3303-MO): 115 Missouri counties designated.
- Severe Winter Storms (2007, EM-3281-MO): 115 Missouri counties designated.
Named storms in its declarations: Hurricane Katrina (2005).
Not counted above: 2 COVID-19 ("Biological") declarations — in 2020 every US county was included. Missouri also had 4 statewide declarations with no county list.
Tornado record since 1950 4
| Tornadoes touching the county | 4 |
|---|---|
| Strongest-rated | (E)F1 ×2 |
| Peak month | March (1) |
| Deadliest | 31 Mar 2007, EF0, 1.7 mi path, 0 killed, 2 injured |
| Longest path | 31 Dec 2010, EF1, 2.7 mi path |
| Most recent | 10 Apr 2013, EF0, 0.3 mi path |
| Deaths / injuries on those paths | 0 / 2 |
| Rating | (E)F0 | (E)F1 | (E)F2 | (E)F3 | (E)F4 | (E)F5 | Unrated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Decade | 1950s | 1960s | 1970s | 1980s | 1990s | 2000s | 2010s | 2020s |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
Deaths and injuries are for each tornado's whole path, which can run beyond this county. F-scale ratings before February 2007, Enhanced Fujita (EF) after.
How St. Louis City compares with its 5 nearest counties
| County | Distance | Overall risk | Score | Top hazard |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| St. Louis City (this page) | — | Relatively High | 98.7 | Heat wave |
| St. Louis County | 17 km | Relatively High | 99.3 | Heat wave |
| St. Clair County, IL | 33 km | Relatively High | 94.9 | Heat wave |
| Madison County, IL | 37 km | Relatively Moderate | 93.4 | Heat wave |
| Monroe County, IL | 40 km | Very Low | 41.9 | Heat wave |
| St. Charles County | 41 km | Relatively Moderate | 92.6 | Strong wind |
Nearest by distance between county centres. Every county in Missouri, ranked.
Vulnerability and resilience
| Social vulnerability | Relatively High 71.9 |
|---|---|
| Community resilience | Relatively High 61.0 |
| Community risk factor | 1.33 |
| Expected annual loss, all hazards | $359 million |
FEMA scales expected losses up where social vulnerability is high (people who may find it harder to prepare, evacuate or recover) and down where community resilience is high. A factor above 1 raises the risk score. For social vulnerability a high rating is worse; for resilience a high rating is better.
Prepare for St. Louis City's main hazards
- Right now: National Weather Service alerts for Missouri · all official warnings on Global Incident Tracker.
- Heat wave: Heatstroke warning signs
- Tornado: Is there a tornado warning now?
- Earthquake: Earthquakes today · Earthquake safety guide
- Your property's flood zone: FEMA Flood Map Service Center ↗ — this page cannot tell you that.
- Official preparedness guidance: Ready.gov ↗ and your county emergency management office.
What this page shows, and what it misses
FEMA's National Risk Index rates a whole county against every other US county; it is a planning-level estimate for nationwide comparison, not a flood-zone map and not a substitute for a local risk assessment or the risk to one home. Declarations are presidential disaster, emergency and fire management declarations that named this county; state declarations and SBA or USDA designations are not included. Tornadoes are counted when the county is one of up to four listed on the track; 670 tornadoes that crossed a state line carry no county list in NOAA's file and are left out.
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), National Risk Index Dataset: National Risk Index Counties - v1.20.0 (December 2025). Retrieved from https://services.arcgis.com/XG15cJAlne2vxtgt/ArcGIS/rest/services/National_Risk_Index_Counties/FeatureServer/0/query on November 2, 2026, 1:20 PM EST. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s National Risk Index dataset API or downloadable datasets but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), OpenFEMA Dataset: Disaster Declarations Summaries - v2, retrieved from https://www.fema.gov/api/open/v2/DisasterDeclarationsSummaries on November 2, 2026, 1:21 PM EST. This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s).
Tornado records: NOAA/NWS Storm Prediction Center, Severe Weather Database, tornadoes 1950–2025 (https://www.spc.noaa.gov/wcm/data/1950-2025_actual_tornadoes.csv, downloaded 2 November 2026). Public domain; not endorsed by NOAA. Compiled by Global Incident Tracker.
Questions about St. Louis City
What natural disasters is St. Louis City, Missouri most at risk from?
St. Louis City, Missouri has a Relatively High natural-hazard risk rating in FEMA's National Risk Index (v1.20, December 2025): a score of 98.7 out of 100, higher than about 98% of US counties, with heat waves, tornadoes and earthquakes scoring highest of its 18 hazards and $359 million a year in expected losses.
How many federal disaster declarations has St. Louis City had?
OpenFEMA lists 23 federal disaster declarations that included St. Louis City since 1973, not counting 2 for COVID-19; the latest is DR-4877-MO (Severe Storms, Straight-Line Winds, Tornadoes, and Flooding, declared 9 June 2025). Another 4 Missouri declarations were made statewide without a county list.
How many tornadoes have hit St. Louis City?
NOAA's Storm Prediction Center recorded 4 tornadoes touching St. Louis City from 1950 to 2025. The deadliest: 31 Mar 2007, EF0, 1.7 mi path, 0 killed, 2 injured (deaths and injuries are for the whole path).
Is the National Risk Index a flood zone map?
No. The National Risk Index is a planning-level estimate for a whole county, built for nationwide comparison. It does not tell you the flood zone or the risk of a single property: for that, look up the address on FEMA's Flood Map Service Center (msc.fema.gov) and ask your local floodplain manager.